“DEEPFAKE TECHNOLOGY AND LAW: A CRITICAL STUDY OF ITS LEGAL, CONSTITUTIONAL, AND REGULATORY IMPLICATIONS”

AUTHOR – P B AGASHVARMA* & T SAROJA DEVI**

* STUDENT AT VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ADVANCED STUDIES(VISTAS), SCHOOL OF LAW.

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ADVANCED STUDIES(VISTAS), SCHOOL OF LAW

BEST CITATION – P B AGASHVARMA & T SAROJA DEVI, “DEEPFAKE TECHNOLOGY AND LAW: A CRITICAL STUDY OF ITS LEGAL, CONSTITUTIONAL, AND REGULATORY IMPLICATIONS”, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (5) OF 2026, PG. 219-266, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/V6I524

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence has given rise to deepfake technology, which enables the creation of highly realistic but fabricated audio-visual content. While deepfakes have legitimate applications, their misuse poses serious threats to individual rights, public trust, and democratic institutions. Deepfake technology has been increasingly used for impersonation, non-consensual pornography, defamation, fraud, and political misinformation. Existing legal frameworks, however, were not designed to address such sophisticated forms of digital manipulation.

This research undertakes a doctrinal and analytical study of deepfake technology from a legal perspective, with particular emphasis on its impact on privacy, reputation, criminal liability, and constitutional rights. The study critically examines the adequacy of existing legal frameworks in India, analyzes judicial responses, and compares international regulatory approaches. The research further explores the necessity of a comprehensive legal framework to regulate deepfake technology effectively.