LEGAL STATUS AND RIGHTS OF GIG WORKERS IN PLATFORMS LIKE UBER AND SWIGGY

AUTHOR – NAVEEN KUMAR .M, STUDENT AT SCHOOL OF EXCELLENCE IN LAW, THE TAMIL NADU DR AMBEDKAR LAW UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – NAVEEN KUMAR .M, LEGAL STATUS AND RIGHTS OF GIG WORKERS IN PLATFORMS LIKE UBER AND SWIGGY, 2020, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (5) OF 2026, PG. 746-750, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

ABSTRACT

The rapid growth of the gig economy has fundamentally altered traditional employment relationships across the globe. Digital platforms such as Uber and Swiggy have introduced flexible work opportunities but simultaneously created legal ambiguities regarding the status and rights of workers. This research paper critically examines whether gig workers should be classified as employees, independent contractors, or a distinct third category under labour law frameworks in India.

            The study adopts a doctrinal research methodology, analyzing statutory provisions such as the Social Security Code, 2020, judicial precedents, and international practices. It identifies gaps in the current legal regime, particularly concerning social security, minimum wage protection, and collective bargaining rights. The paper argues that despite statutory recognition, gig workers continue to face precarious working conditions due to weak implementation mechanisms.

        The research concludes by proposing comprehensive reforms, including the recognition of gig workers as a hybrid category, stronger regulatory oversight, and effective enforcement of welfare schemes.