VICTIM COMPENSATION IN INDIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

AUTHOR- J.PON FRANCIS* & MRS. P. SHONA**

* STUDENT AT VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ADVANCED STUDIES (VISTAS)

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT SCHOOL OF LAW, VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED STUDIES (VISTAS)

BEST CITATION – J.PON FRANCIS & MRS. P. SHONA A, VICTIM COMPENSATION IN INDIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (7) OF 2026, PG. 487-489, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344.

Abstract

Victim compensation has emerged as a crucial component of the criminal justice system in India, reflecting a shift from an offender-centric to a victim-centric approach. Traditionally, criminal law focused primarily on punishing offenders, often neglecting the needs and rights of victims. This paper critically examines the legal framework governing victim compensation in India, including constitutional provisions, statutory mechanisms under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, and judicial interpretations. It further analyzes the effectiveness of State Victim Compensation Schemes and identifies key challenges such as lack of awareness, procedural delays, and inconsistencies across states. The study concludes by suggesting reforms to strengthen victim-oriented justice and ensure meaningful rehabilitation.

Keywords: Victim Compensation, Criminal Justice System, Section 357 CrPC, Section 357A CrPC, Restorative Justice, Victim Rights