TRADE ON WILD ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTION: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN INDIAN PROSPECTIVE

AUTHOR – ANIL RAJ* & AMBAR SRIVASTAVA**

* STUDENT AT LAW COLLEGE DEHRADUN, UTTARANCHAL UNIVERSITY

** ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT LAW COLLEGE DEHRADUN, UTTARANCHAL UNIVERSITY

BEST CITATION – ANIL RAJ & AMBAR SRIVASTAVA, TRADE ON WILD ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTION: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN INDIAN PROSPECTIVE, INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL REVIEW (IJLR), 6 (8) OF 2026, PG. 734-739, APIS – 3920 – 0001 & ISSN – 2583-2344. DOI – https://doi.org/10.65393/IJLRV6I879

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the dual structure of animal-based economies in India, focusing on the predominantly illegal wildlife trade alongside the regulated animal production sector, particularly livestock and dairying. Despite India’s global leadership in wildlife conservation—evidenced by the rise in its tiger population to approximately 3,682 during the 2022–2026 period—the country continues to remain a significant hotspot for illicit wildlife trafficking, driven by international demand for exotic pets and traditional medicinal products.

At the same time, the domestic animal production sector plays a crucial role in the national economy. By 2026, beef (carabeef) production is projected to reach approximately 4.7 million metric tons (MMT), highlighting its economic importance. This research critically evaluates the effectiveness of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (as amended in 2022), in addressing illegal wildlife trade. It also examines key socio-economic drivers—such as poverty, illiteracy, and market demand—that continue to facilitate and sustain illicit trafficking activities in India.